For the past 7 years (2015-2021) the Davoren Lab has deployed a marine recorder with a hydrophone over a deeper water spawning site of capelin each summer during July and August. Below are some of the sounds from 2015 and 2016 that were described as part of my Masters project (Epp 2019; Epp et al. (2021). Marine Mammal Science (pdf available on request)). The Newfoundland repertoire shown contains 13 call types, based on the recordings from 2015 and 2016, and these call types fit within three broad classes - low frequency, pulsed, and high frequency. It is likely that more years of recordings will reveal more call types. Multiple examples of each call type, described thus far, within each broad class are provided, as well as three possible transitional or intermediate forms at the bottom.

The original sampling rate for all Newfoundland recordings was 24 kHz. Spectrograms below use a Hann window, 50% overlap, 8192 Discrete Fourier Transform, and 2.93 Hz resolution.

Use headphones for best listening experience.